By The Numbers: How Many American Aircraft Were Produced & Lost In WW2? (2024)

By Aaron Spray

The United States produced 300,000 military aircraft in WW2, supplied the Soviets and other Allies, and had the largest air force at the war's end.

By The Numbers: How Many American Aircraft Were Produced & Lost In WW2? (1)

Summary

  • The US produced over 300,000 aircraft in WWII, enabling the overmatch of Axis powers.
  • It shifted to a total war economy, banning civilian car production to focus on the war effort.
  • The country donated over 14,000 planes to the Soviets and more to other Allies and still had the largest air force at the end of the war.

It is well known that the US was an industrial juggernaut in World War Two. The amount of aircraft and other military equipment the US produced is astounding. Not only did the US produce more than any other country, but it also supplied its Allies and produced better and more expensive aircraft (such as the B-29 Superfortress and P-51 Mustang). The US enabled the Allies to over-match the Axis powers in World War Two. That said, the Soviet Ilyushin Il-2 was the most produced military aircraft of the war (followed by the German Messerschmitt Bf 106 and the British Supermarine Spitfire).

World War Two US aircraft production

Before the war (before 1939), the US had a small army, and its army air force was less than formidable. At the start of the war, the US Army Air Corps (US AAF) only had a few hundred airplanes, but by the end of the war, it was the largest air force ever created. According to the Air Force Historical Support Division, it had almost 80,000 airplanes (plus the Navy aviation arm). The US Air Force was split off from the Army after the war in 1947.

In 1939, the US produced less than 3,000 military aircraft. After America entered the war, it switched to a total war economy. The production and sale of civilian cars were banned—all available industry was dedicated to the war effort. In all, the United States produced around 300,000 aircraft of all types (including trainers). Of these, over 65,160 were lost in training, transportation, combat, and other causes.

But not only did the US industry supply its own forces, it also supplied its allies. The British received many aircraft from American production, while the US donated 14,000 aircraft of varying descriptions to the Soviets (and the British supplied the Soviets with thousands more). The US also supplied the Soviets with many of the raw materials needed to create aircraft, along with much of its aviation fuel and thousands of engines.

When peace once again returned, the US had a surplus of around 150,000 aircraft. Many of the aircraft already deployed overseas never returned. The US just buried, bulldozed, or sunk many of them at sea (although many did return for storage and scrapping).

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Fighters

The greater number of aircraft produced were fighters. These were much easier to produce than their much larger cargo and bomber counterparts. The P-47 "Thunderbolt" was considered one of America's most outstanding fighters of the war and was also used by American allies (including the British, French, and Russians). They were particularly regarded for their ability to survive heavy battle damage.

Another venerable American fighter was the P-51 "Mustang." The Mustang was a long-range fighter used to escort heavy bombers and was the top US AAF air-to-air fighter of the war.

By The Numbers: How Many American Aircraft Were Produced & Lost In WW2? (4)

Photo:Andrew Harker | Shutterstock

Aircraft:

Manufacturer:

Crew:

Quantity:

P-38

Lockheed

1

9,536

P-39

Bell

1

9,588

P-40

Curtiss

1

13,738

P-47

Republic

1

15,683

P-51

North American

1

14,686

P-61

Northrup

3

702

In 1919, the Navy had nearly abolished its aviation arm. In the 1920s and 1930s, the Navy experimented with massive airships and airship aircraft carriers (although most of these ended in disaster). During the Interwar period, the Navy developed (sea-based) aircraft carriers, and by the time of its entry into World War Two, the Navy had more airpower than the Japanese Navy. Like the Army Air Force, the Navy aviation arm grew tremendously, defeating its Japanese enemy.

US Navy fighters halted the Imperial Japanese Navy's drive across the Pacific. The Douglas SBD Dauntless dive bomber was perhaps the most iconic carrier-based aircraft of the war (at least early Pacific War) and was responsible for sinking six Japanese aircraft carriers (including four at the Battle of Midway).

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Bombers

While the Soviets produced a lot of aircraft, they were mostly small fighters. Bombers were much more expensive and difficult to produce. Bomber production was dominated by the British and Americans (the Germans also built a reasonable number of bombers). The bomber workhorses of the AAF were the B-17 "Flying Fortress," B-24 "Liberator," B-26 "Marauder," and B-29 (the B-25 "Mitchell" was another notable medium bomber).

By The Numbers: How Many American Aircraft Were Produced & Lost In WW2? (6)

Photo:Ivan Cholakov | Shutterstock

The B-29 Superfortress was the most expensive military project of the war (for any nation). It entered service towards the end of the war and is famous (or infamous) for firebombing Japan and dropping nuclear bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

Aircraft:

Manufacturer:

Crew:

Quantity:

B-17

Boeing

10

12,692

B-24

Consolidated

10

18,190

B-25

North American

6

9,186

B-26

Martin

7

5,157

B-29

Boeing

11

5,000

Cargo/Transport

The British and Americans had to fight wars a world away in the Pacific Theater and still overseas in Europe for the British. They had to prepare for amphibious landings and conduct complicated military operations. For this, the United States produced vast amounts of cargo aircraft (as did the British - including many cheap gliders).

Aircraft:

Manufacturer:

Crew:

Quantity:

C-46

Curtiss-Wright

4

3,180

C-47

Douglas

3

10,368

C-54

Douglas

6

1,162

One of the most iconic American cargo aircraft was the C-47 "Skytrain." It evolved from the DC-3 airliners and could carry 25 paratroopers or up to 10,000 lbs of cargo. The US used the C-47 in every airborne force's operation during the war, and Eisenhower hailed it as one of the principal instruments of Allied victory.

By The Numbers: How Many American Aircraft Were Produced & Lost In WW2? (2024)

FAQs

By The Numbers: How Many American Aircraft Were Produced & Lost In WW2? ›

In all, the United States produced around 300,000 aircraft of all types (including trainers). Of these, over 65,160 were lost in training, transportation, combat, and other causes. But not only did the US industry supply its own forces, it also supplied its allies.

How many aircraft did the USA lose in WWII? ›

In the air force over a half of losses were non-combat losses." United States: Total losses were nearly 95,000, including 52,951 operational losses (38,418 in Europe and 14,533 in the Pacific).

How many planes did the US produce in WWII? ›

By the end of the war, America produced 300,000 planes. No war was more industrialized than World War II. It was a war won as much by machine shops as by machine guns. In January 1939, President Franklin D.

How many German aircraft were lost in WWII? ›

Luftwaffe losses, on the other hand, were high as well. The estimated total number of destroyed and damaged for the war totalled 76,875 aircraft. Of these, about 43,000 were lost in combat, the rest in operational accidents and during training.

What happened to all the P51 Mustangs after the war? ›

As all except the earliest aircraft were obtained under Lend-Lease, all Mustang aircraft still on RAF charge at the end of the war were either returned to the USAAF "on paper" or retained by the RAF for scrapping. The last RAF Mustangs were retired from service in 1947.

How many B-17s were lost in WWII? ›

Forty-five planes survive in complete form, including 38 in the United States with many preserved in museum displays. The number of operational B-17s has dwindled over time, but there are still several in flying condition. Of the 12,731 B-17s built, about 4,735 were lost during the war.

Which country had the best fighter planes in WWII? ›

With its excellent maneuverability and considerably long range, the Japanese Zero was considered the best carrier-based fighter aircraft of the entire war. For the first few years after the US entry into the war, the Zero outperformed all American counterparts.

How many aircraft did Japan have in WWII? ›

During World War II, both the United States and Japan had large fleets of aircraft. The United States had a total of more than 300,000 aircraft at the beginning of the war, while Japan had more than 200,000. As the war progressed, the number of aircraft increased for both sides.

How many planes did Ford make during WWII? ›

Workers at Willow Run built a staggering 8,685 B-24 bombers -- 6,792 complete planes and 1,893 knock-down kits -- by the time the last one was finished on June 28, 1945. No one had ever manufactured airplanes on such a scale before.

How many tanks did America produce in WWII? ›

American industry provided almost two-thirds of all the Allied military equipment produced during the war: 297,000 aircraft, 193,000 artillery pieces, 86,000 tanks and two million army trucks. In four years, American industrial production, already the world's largest, doubled in size.

How many aircraft carriers did the US build in WWII? ›

USS Casablanca (Alazon Bay) going down the ways, Vancouver (WA) Kaiser shipyards, 4/5/1943. The Kaiser shipyards at Vancouver, Wash., quickly turned out hull numbers 55 through 104. 151 aircraft carriers were built in the U.S. during World War II; 122 of them were Escort Carriers.

What was the most famous US aircraft in ww2? ›

One of the premier fighters of the war was the P-51 "Mustang." It was a long-range fighter used to escort heavy bombers on missions up to 2,000 miles. The aircraft was the top USAAF air-to-air fighter in World War II.

How many bombers did the US lose in WWII? ›

The USAAF lost more than 8,000 heavy bombers—each of which typically carried ten crewmen—in combat during the strategic bombing campaign over Europe. The Messerschmitt Bf 109 was continuously improved, and the Luftwaffe flew it from the beginning to the end of the war.

What percentage of US bomber crews died in WWII? ›

Casualties. Bomber Command crews suffered an extremely high casualty rate: 55,573 killed out of a total of 125,000 aircrew (a 44.4 per cent death rate), a further 8,403 were wounded in action and 9,838 became prisoners of war. This covered all Bomber Command operations.

How many German fighters did American bombers shoot down? ›

The Soviet Union overclaimed by more than 750 percent. After the Schweinfurt-Regensburg mission, the USAAF stated that they shot down 309 German fighters, broken-down as follows: gunners on the bombers claimed 288, Spitfire pilots claimed 7, and P-47 pilots claimed 14. Luftwaffe records show 40 aircraft lost.

Did the U.S. lose any aircraft carriers in WWII? ›

Block Island was the only U.S. carrier lost in the Atlantic during World War II. Later that night, USS Eugene E. Elmore (DE-686) and USS Ahrens (DE-575) revenged the attack and sank the German submarine south-west of Madiera, Portugal.

How many B-24 bombers were lost in WWII? ›

During World War II, approximately 14,000 B-24 Liberators were produced. Over 6,000 of them were lost in combat or operational accidents. Many were shot down by enemy fire, while others were lost due to various reasons such as mechanical failures, accidents, or non-combat-related incidents.

How many planes did the U.S. lose during the Vietnam War? ›

United States Air Force. All told, the U.S. Air Force flew 5.25 million sorties over South Vietnam, North Vietnam, northern and southern Laos, and Cambodia, losing 2,251 aircraft: 1,737 to hostile action, and 514 in accidents. 2,197 of the losses were fixed-wing, and the remainder rotary-wing.

How many planes did the U.S. lose in Pearl Harbor? ›

Casualties to U.S. service personnel were 2,343 killed, 960 missing and 1,272 wounded; Japanese aircraft destroyed 151 U.S. planes on the ground and sank or damaged all eight U.S. battleships at anchor in Pearl Harbor. At a cost of only 28 airplanes shot down, the Japanese had dealt the United States a staggering blow.

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